AQA GCSE Momentum (Physics)
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Momentum
Momentum is the tendency of an object to keep moving, or to stop the object from moving.
Momentum is a vector quantity.
Example calculations.
1.A stone of mass 0.2kg is moving through the air at a velocity of 4m/s in the forward direction. Calculate the momentum of the stone.
Momentum = mass x velocity
Momentum = 0.2kg x 4m/s = 0.8 kg m/s
2. A ping pong ball of mass 3g is moving forward at a velocity of 6m/s. Calculate the momentum of the ping pong ball.
Convert 3g into kg, 3g = 0.003kg
Momentum = mass x velocity
Momentum = 0.003kg x 6m/s = 0.018 kg m/s
3. A boulder of mass 20kg is rolling down a hill with a momentum of 200kgm/s. Calculate the velocity of the boulder.
Velocity = momentum/mass
Velocity = 200/20 = 10m/s
Momentum as a vector quantity
Momentum is a vector quantity, so it has both a magnitude and direction.
The magnitide is the size of the momentum e.g. 1kg m/s or 10 kg m/s
In the diagram below the cannon ball has a forward velocity, so it will have a + momentum. The cannon has a backwards recoil velocity, so it has a – momentum.
Practice Question
1. State the formula for momentum when each of the following is the subject
1a. Momentum =
1b. Velocity =
1c. Mass =
2.A 3 kg object moves with a velocity of 2.5 m/s. Calculate its momentum.
3.An object has a momentum of 24 kg m/s and a mass of 6 kg. Calculate its velocity.
4. An object traveling at 15 m/s has a momentum of 75 kg m/s. What is its mass?
5. A 10-tonne lorry moves at a velocity of 25 m/s. Calculate its momentum. (1 tonne = 1,000 kg)
6.A mass of 200 g is moving at 15 m/s. Calculate its momentum. (Convert mass to kg)
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JJ Thomson and Plum pudding model
Ernest Rutherford and the Nuclear Model
Niels Bohr changing the Nuclear Model
Discovering the Proton and Neutron
Measuring radiation from radioactivity
Radiation types and properties
Random nature of radioactive decay
Radioactive contamination or irradiation
Hazards of contamination and irradiation
Studies on the effects of radiation on humans
Different half lives of radioactive isotopes
Nuclear Fission Chain Reaction
Writing nuclear fission equations
Drawing ray diagrams for a concave lens
Drawing Ray Diagram to produce a virtual image for a convex lens
Drawing ray diagram to produce a real image for a convex lens.
Specular and Diffuse Reflection
Seeing Coloured Objects Part 2
Viewing objects through coloured filters
Transparent, Translucent and Opaque