AQA GCSE Magnetic Fields(Physics)

Magnetic Fields

A magnetic field is a region of space where a force due to magnetism is experienced by a magnetic material or magnet.

Magnetic materials include iron, steel, cobalt and nickel.

Magnetic field around a permanent magnet

Strength of the magnetic field.

The magnetic field is always strongest at the poles of the magnet where the field lines are closest together. 

Strength of magnetic field also depends on distance. The further from the magnet, weaker the magnetic field as the field lines are further apart.

Force and Magnetic Field

A magnet will only ever exert a non contact force of attraction on a magnetic material.

When unmagnetised iron is placed near the poles of a magnet, it become magnetised and is then attracted to the magnet.

Induced magnetism where a steel bar magnet induces magnetism in a piece of unmagnetised iron.

Direction of the Magnetic field.

The direction of the magnetic field at any point is given by the direction of the force that would act on another north pole placed at that point.

Lets break this statement down into easier terms

When you are near a magnet, the magnetic field points in the direction a compass needle (the north end) would point.

This can be seen in the diagram below where the compass needle (north end) points towards the south pole of the permanent magnet.

Magnetic field around a permanent magnet, with a compass placed onto the field line. The north pole of the compass is pointing towards the south pole of the bar magnet

The direction of a magnetic field line is from the north (seeking) pole of a magnet to the south(seeking) pole of the magnet. This is shown in the diagram above

Practice Question

1.Define the term magnetic field.

2. Describe how you could indicate the strength of a magnetic field when drawing the magnetic field lines on a piece of paper

3.State the direction that the magnetic field lines travel in

 

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